Conducted in 2019 at the Navarro River (Coastal Range) in Northern California, the Rapid and Accurate Estimates of Streamflow Depletion Caused by Groundwater Pumping Using Analytical Depletion Functions study tested 50 combinations of analytical depletion functions against an ‘archetypal’ numerical model. Overall, authors Samuel C. Zipper, Tom Gleeson, Ben Kerr, Jeanette K. Howard, Melissa M. Rohde, Jennifer Carah, and Julie Zimmerman found that the performance of analytical depletion functions was comparable to archetypal numerical models. With the help of funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Resources Council of Canada, S.D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, University of Victoria, The Nature Conservancy — California, and Foundry Spatial, researchers also identified that the new approach works best in flatter terrain, with wells close to streams.